The use and scope of Artificial Intelligence don’t need a formal introduction. Artificial Intelligence is no more just a buzzword; it has become a reality that is part of our everyday lives. With companies building intelligent machines for diverse applications using AI, it is revolutionizing business sectors like never before. You will learn about the various stages and categories of artificial intelligence in this article on Types Of Artificial Intelligence.
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What is Artificial Intelligence?
Artificial Intelligence is the process of building intelligent machines from vast volumes of data. Systems learn from past learning and experiences and perform human-like tasks. It enhances the speed, precision, and effectiveness of human efforts. AI uses complex algorithms and methods to build machines that can make decisions on their own. Machine Learning and Deep learning forms the core of Artificial Intelligence.
AI is now being used in almost every sector of business:
- Transportation
- Healthcare
- Banking
- Retail
- Entertainment
- E-Commerce
Now that you know what AI really is, let’s look at what are the different types of artificial intelligence?
Types of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence can be divided based on capabilities and functionalities.
There are three types of Artificial Intelligence-based on capabilities -
- Narrow AI
- General AI
- Super AI
Under functionalities, we have four types of Artificial Intelligence -
- Reactive Machines
- Limited Theory
- Theory of Mind
- Self-awareness
First, we will look at the different types of Artificial Intelligence-based on Capabilities.
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Artificial Intelligence Based on Capabilities
What is Narrow AI?
Narrow AI, also called as Weak AI, focuses on one narrow task and cannot perform beyond its limitations. It targets a single subset of cognitive abilities and advances in that spectrum. Narrow AI applications are becoming increasingly common in our day-to-day lives as machine learning and deep learning methods continue to develop.
- Apple Siri is an example of a Narrow AI that operates with a limited pre-defined range of functions. Siri often has problems with tasks outside its breadth of abilities.
- IBM Watson supercomputer is another example of a Narrow AI. It applies cognitive computing, machine learning, and natural language processing to process information and answers your queries. IBM Watson once out-performed human contestant Ken Jennings to become the champion on the popular game show, Jeopardy!.
- Other examples of Narrow AI include google translate, image recognition software, recommendation systems, spam filtering, and Google’s page-ranking algorithm.
What is General AI?
General AI, also known as strong AI, can understand and learn any intellectual task that a human being can. It allows a machine to apply knowledge and skills in different contexts. AI researchers have not been able to achieve strong AI so far. They would need to find a method to make machines conscious, programming a full cognitive ability set. General AI has received a $1 billion investment from Microsoft through OpenAI.
- Fujitsu has built the K computer, which is one of the fastest supercomputers in the world. It is one of the significant attempts at achieving strong AI. It took nearly 40 minutes to simulate a single second of neural activity. Hence, it is difficult to determine whether strong AI will be achieved shortly.
- Tianhe-2 is a supercomputer that was developed by the China's National University of Defense Technology. It holds the record for cps (calculations per second) at 33.86 petaflops (quadrillions of cps). Although that sounds exciting, the human brain is estimated to be capable of one exaflop, i.e., a billion cps.
What is a Super AI?
Super AI surpasses human intelligence and can perform any task better than a human. The concept of artificial superintelligence sees AI evolved to be so akin to human sentiments and experiences that it doesn't merely understand them; it also evokes emotions, needs, beliefs, and desires of its own. Its existence is still hypothetical. Some of the critical characteristics of super AI include thinking, solving puzzles, making judgments, and decisions on its own.
Now, we will look at the different types of Artificial Intelligence-based on Functionalities.
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Artificial Intelligence Based on Functionalities
To describe the various types of Artificial Intelligence systems, it is necessary to categorize them based on their functions.
What is a Reactive Machine?
A reactive machine is the primary form of artificial intelligence that does not store memories or use past experiences to determine future actions. It works only with present data. They perceive the world and react to it. Reactive machines are provided with specific tasks, and they don't have capabilities beyond those tasks.
IBM’s Deep Blue that defeated chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov is a reactive machine that sees the chessboard pieces and reacts to them. Deep Blue cannot refer to any of its prior experiences or improve with practice. It can identify the pieces on a chessboard and know how each moves. Deep Blue can make predictions about what moves might be next for it and its opponent. It ignores everything before the present moment and looks at the chessboard pieces as it stands right now and chooses from possible next moves.
Source: Britannica
What is Limited Memory?
Limited Memory AI trains from past data to make decisions. The memory of such systems is short-lived. They can use this past data for a specific period of time, but they cannot add it to a library of their experiences. This kind of technology is used in self-driving vehicles.
- Limited Memory AI observes how other vehicles are moving around them, at present, and as time passes.
- This ongoing, collected data gets added to the AI machine's static data, such as lane markers and traffic lights.
- They are included when the vehicle decides when to change lanes, avoid cutting off another driver, or hit a nearby vehicle.
Mitsubishi Electric has been figuring out how to improve such technology for applications like self-driving cars.
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What is the Theory of Mind?
Theory of mind AI represents an advanced class of technology and exists only as a concept. Such a kind of AI requires a thorough understanding that the people and things within an environment can alter feelings and behaviors. It should understand people's emotions, sentiments, and thoughts. Even though many improvements are there in this field, this kind of AI is not fully complete yet.
- One real-world example of the theory of mind AI is Kismet. Kismet is a robot head made in the late 90s by a Massachusetts Institute of Technology researcher. Kismet can mimic human emotions and recognize them. Both abilities are key advancements in theory of mind AI, but Kismet can’t follow gazes or convey attention to humans.
- Sophia from Hanson Robotics is another example where the theory of mind AI was implemented. Cameras present in Sophia's eyes, combined with computer algorithms, allow her to see. She can sustain eye contact, recognize individuals, and follow faces.
What is Self Awareness?
Self-awareness AI only exists hypothetically. Such systems understand their internal traits, states, and conditions and perceive human emotions. These machines will be smarter than the human mind. This type of AI will not only be able to understand and evoke emotions in those it interacts with, but also have emotions, needs, and beliefs of its own.
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Conclusion
We might be far from creating machines that can solve all the issues and are self-aware. But, we should focus our efforts toward understanding how a machine can train and learn on its own and possess the ability to base decisions on past experiences.
I hope this article helped you to understand the different types of artificial intelligence.
Do you have any questions regarding this article? If you have, please put in the comments section of this article on types of artificial intelligence. Our team will help you solve your queries at the earliest!
FAQs
What are the top 10 future applications of artificial intelligence? ›
- Personalized Shopping. ...
- AI-powered Assistants. ...
- Fraud Prevention. ...
- Administrative Tasks Automated to Aid Educators. ...
- Creating Smart Content. ...
- Voice Assistants. ...
- Personalized Learning. ...
- Autonomous Vehicles.
By 2030, AI will likely no longer be getting adopted with simple scenarios and applications. It will be expected to detect life-threatening diseases in the nascent stage, predict weather conditions of a large area over several months and become a digital collaborator to the human race.
What will artificial intelligence look like 2050? ›AI will treat, and largely eliminate, neurological disorders like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, most birth defects, and spinal cord injuries as well as blindness and deafness. By 2050 robotic prosthetics may be stronger and more advanced than our own biological ones and they will be controlled by our minds.
What are the 9 types of AI? ›- What Is Artificial Intelligence? In 1956, the term Artificial Intelligence was defined by John McCarthy. ...
- Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI) ...
- Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) ...
- Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI) ...
- Reactive Machine AI. ...
- Limited Memory AI. ...
- Theory Of Mind AI. ...
- Self-Aware AI.
Siri is Apple's personal assistant for iOS, macOS, tvOS and watchOS devices that uses voice recognition and is powered by artificial intelligence (AI).
What will AI be like in 2040? ›By 2040, AI applications, in combination with other technologies, will benefit almost every aspect of life, including improved healthcare, safer and more efficient transportation, personalized education, improved software for everyday tasks, and increased agricultural crop yields.
Which technologies will dominate in 2030? ›Artificial intelligence (AI), cloud computing, and virtual and augmented reality (VR and AR) are among the key technologies that will underpin the delivery of education in 2030.
What will artificial intelligence be like in 20 years from now? ›In twenty years, nearly all data will become digitized, making it possible to use AI for decision-making and optimization. AI and automation will replace most blue-collar work and “make” products for minimal marginal cost. Robots and AI will take over the manufacturing, delivery, design and marketing of most goods.
What jobs will be replaced by AI by 2030? ›- Travel agent. It amazes me that a travel agent is still a job in 2020. ...
- Taxi drivers. ...
- Store cashiers. ...
- Fast food cooks. ...
- Administrative legal jobs.
The future of AI in fifty years…
For AI to really become 'intelligent' it must acquire general intelligence – not the siloed, specific task-based intelligence it has now. To achieve general intelligence AI needs to have a human-like understanding and comprehension of multiple things.
What Year Will AI take over? ›
Even staple figures in the field of science such as Stephen Hawking and Elon Musk have been vocal about technology's threat against humanity. In 2020, Musk told the New York Times that AI would grow vastly smarter than humans and would overtake the human race by 2025, adding that things would get “unstable or weird.”
What is the most advanced AI right now? ›While AI has been improving, the November 2022 launch of ChatGPT has been a game changer. ChatGPT is a conversational application of GPT-3, the most powerful AI system in the world, allowing you to have a natural conversation with this powerful technology.
What is super AI? ›What Is Super AI? Artificial superintelligence (ASI) is a form of AI that is capable of surpassing human intelligence by manifesting cognitive skills and developing thinking skills of its own.
What are the 5 big ideas of AI? ›In this fun one-hour class, students will learn about the Five Big Ideas in AI (Perception, Representation & Reasoning, Learning, Human-AI Interaction, and Societal Impact) through discussions and games.
What are the 3 types of AI *? ›The 3 types of AI are artificial superintelligence, general or strong AI, narrow or weak AI.
How many IQ does Siri have? ›Usually, a 6–year–old human has an IQ of 55.5, and as you can see, Google's is a little bit lower, but Siri's is twice as low – 23.9.
Can AI copy your voice? ›A new artificial intelligence advancement from Microsoft can clone your voice after hearing you speak for a mere 3 seconds. The program, called VALL-E(Opens in a new window), was designed for text-to-speech synthesis.
What will happen in 2028? ›August 15 – August 27 – The 2028 Summer Paralympics will be held in Los Angeles, California, US. October 26 – Asteroid (35396) 1997 XF11 will pass 930,000 km (0.0062 AU) from the Earth. November 7 – The 2028 United States presidential election will be held.
What will AI look like in the future? ›AI will enable next-gen consumer experiences.
More and more of our life takes place at the intersection of the world of bits and the world of atoms. AI algorithms have the potential to learn much more quickly in a digital world (e.g., virtual driving to train autonomous vehicles).
In 2030, robots could be exploring alien worlds and performing surgeries from halfway around the globe. Robotics is one of the fastest evolving fields of technology, and it's shaping the future of travel, work and exploration. Peripheral advancements in AI, computing and IoT are helping elevate things even further.
What new technology is coming out in 2023? ›
Artificial intelligence will become more prevalent in 2023 with natural language processing and machine learning advancement. Artificial intelligence can better understand us and perform more complex tasks using this technology. It is estimated that 5G will revolutionize the way we live and work in the future.
What technology will not exist in 10 years? ›Older technology like landline phones, USB drives, alarm locks, and more will likely become obsolete in the next 10 years. Eco-friendly changes in the manner technology is created will likely render one-use plastic products and incandescent light bulbs useless in the coming decade.
Who will rule the world in 2100? ›Africa and the Arab World will shape our future, while Europe and Asia will recede in their influence. By the end of the century, the world will be multipolar, with India, Nigeria, China, and the US the dominant powers. This will truly be a new world and one we should be preparing for today.”
What will AI make possible by 2041? ›AI will generate unprecedented wealth, revolutionize medicine and education through human-machine symbiosis, and create brand-new forms of communication and entertainment. In liberating us from routine work, however, AI will also challenge the organizing principles of our economic and social order.
How advanced will we be in 2050? ›In 2050, artificial intelligence can outperform humans in a majority of professions. AI software can outmatch humans in white-collar jobs involving constructing company reports, market research, and most administrative functions. In some scenarios, they can also write screenplays, make music, write novels, and more.
How to do the AI filter on TikTok? ›Open up TikTok on your phone, then hit the Create button. In the bottom-left corner, tap Effects. Type "AI Anime" in the search bar, then tap on the Effect titled "AI Manga"
What jobs AI Cannot replace? ›- Teachers: ...
- Lawyers and Judges. ...
- Directors, Managers and CEOs. ...
- Politicians. ...
- HR Managers. ...
- Singers. ...
- Psychologists and Psychiatrists. ...
- Priests and other spiritual figures.
- Customer service executives. Customer service executives don't require a high level of social or emotional intelligence to perform. ...
- Bookkeeping and data entry. ...
- Receptionists. ...
- Proofreading. ...
- Manufacturing and pharmaceutical work. ...
- Retail services. ...
- Courier services. ...
- Doctors.
- Travel agents. Technology has undermined the role of the travel agent. ...
- Cashiers. With more than 3.3 million people working in this capacity, the job of cashier isn't going to disappear anytime soon. ...
- Bank tellers. ...
- Drivers. ...
- Newspapers. ...
- Fast-food workers. ...
- Telemarketing. ...
- Warehouse workers.
There is a high probability that advanced forms of artificial intelligence, or AI, may wipe out humanity from the Earth, as per some recent research. A paper on the matter, co-authored by Google DeepMind and Oxford researchers, was published at the end of August in the AI magazine.
What are 3 negative effects of artificial intelligence? ›
- High Costs. The ability to create a machine that can simulate human intelligence is no small feat. ...
- No creativity. A big disadvantage of AI is that it cannot learn to think outside the box. ...
- Unemployment. ...
- 4. Make Humans Lazy. ...
- No Ethics. ...
- Emotionless. ...
- No Improvement.
On a far grander scale, AI is poised to have a major effect on sustainability, climate change and environmental issues. Ideally and partly through the use of sophisticated sensors, cities will become less congested, less polluted and generally more livable.
Is it possible to be a cyborg? ›Harbisson is considered a cyborg, which according to the usual definition, combines organic and mechanic body parts to improve a certain bodily dysfunction or enhance capabilities. Although, in a way, almost everyone augments their body, with cochlear implants, cardiac pacemakers or even contact lenses.
Will AI take over the planet? ›No, AI will not take over the world. Movies like I, Robot are science fiction, with an emphasis on the word fiction. All that said, AI is a powerful business tool that is supporting companies and their customer service strategies. It's creating a better customer experience.
Will AI takeover the world? ›According to an article in The Conversation, written by Mauro Vallati, Senior Lecturer in Computer Science at the University of Huddersfield, “there is no risk of a runaway AI, because physical laws of the universe pose some very constraining hard limits”.
What are the 7 original aspects of AI? ›The original seven aspects of AI, named by McCarthy and others at the Dartmouth Conference in 1955, include automatic computers, programming AI to use language, hypothetical neuron nets to be used to form concepts, measuring problem complexity, self-improvement, abstractions, and randomness and creativity.
What are the main types of AI? ›- Artificial Narrow Intelligence.
- Artificial General Intelligence.
- Artificial Super Intelligence.
Voice assistants, image recognition for face unlock in cellphones, and ML-based financial fraud detection are examples of AI software currently being used in everyday life.
What are the seven 7 steps in creating artificial intelligence? ›- Collecting Data: As you know, machines initially learn from the data that you give them. ...
- Preparing the Data: After you have your data, you have to prepare it. ...
- Choosing a Model: ...
- Training the Model: ...
- Evaluating the Model: ...
- Parameter Tuning: ...
- Making Predictions.
7 Types of Artificial Intelligence That You Should Know in 2023.
What is the most advanced AI? ›
While AI has been improving, the November 2022 launch of ChatGPT has been a game changer. ChatGPT is a conversational application of GPT-3, the most powerful AI system in the world, allowing you to have a natural conversation with this powerful technology.
What are the most famous AI? ›- Software #1: Viso Suite Platform.
- Software #2: Content DNA Platform.
- Software #3: Jupyter Notebooks.
- Software #4: Google Cloud AI Platform.
- Software #5: Azure Machine Learning Studio.
- Software #6: Infosys Nia.
- Software #7: Salesforce Einstein.
- Software #8: Chorus.ai.
- Comparison Table of AI Software.
- #1) Google Cloud Machine Learning Engine.
- #2) Azure Machine Learning Studio.
- #3) TensorFlow.
- #4) H2O.AI.
- #5) Cortana.
- #6) IBM Watson.
- #7) Salesforce Einstein.
- Key pillars to using AI responsibly. ...
- Pillar 1: Know your data sources. ...
- Pillar 2: AI's decisions are explainable. ...
- Pillar 3: Employees own their data. ...
- Pillar 4: Share the uses and benefits.
- Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)
- Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)
- Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI)
AI presents three major areas of ethical concern for society: privacy and surveillance, bias and discrimination, and perhaps the deepest, most difficult philosophical question of the era, the role of human judgment, said Sandel, who teaches a course in the moral, social, and political implications of new technologies.
Is Alexa an artificial intelligence? ›Alexa and other virtual assistants, such as Google Assistant and Apple's Siri, rely heavily on artificial intelligence, automation, and machine learning technologies to respond to user input and perform tasks.
What is the most basic type of AI? ›The most basic type of artificial intelligence is reactive AI, which is programmed to provide a predictable output based on the input it receives. Reactive machines always respond to identical situations in the exact same way every time, and they are not able to learn actions or conceive of past or future.